AI Assisted Coding: Swimming in AI - Managing Tech Debt in the Age of AI-Assisted Coding

In this special episode, Lou Franco, veteran software engineer and author of "Swimming in Tech Debt," shares his practical approach to AI-assisted coding that produces the same amount of tech debt as traditional development—by reading every line of code. He explains the critical difference between vibecoding and AI-assisted coding, why commit-by-commit thinking matters, and how to reinvest productivity gains into code quality.

Vibecoding vs. AI-Assisted Coding: Reading Code Matters

"I read all the code that it outputs, so I need smaller steps of changes."

Lou draws a clear distinction between vibecoding and his approach to AI-assisted coding. Vibecoding, in his definition, means not reading the code at all—just prompting, checking outputs, and prompting again. His method is fundamentally different: he reads every line of generated code before committing it. This isn't just about catching bugs; it's about maintaining architectural control and accountability. As Lou emphasizes, "A computer can't be held accountable, so a computer can never make decisions. A human always has to make decisions." This philosophy shapes his entire workflow—AI generates code quickly, but humans make the final call on what enters the repository. The distinction matters because it determines whether you're managing tech debt proactively or discovering it later when changes become difficult.

The Moment of Shift: Staying in the Zone

"It kept me in the zone. It saved so much time! Never having to look up what a function's arguments were... it just saved so much time."

Lou's AI coding journey began in late 2022 with GitHub Copilot's free trial. He bought a subscription immediately after the trial ended because of one transformative benefit: staying in the flow state. The autocomplete functionality eliminated constant context switching to documentation, Stack Overflow searches, and function signature lookups. This wasn't about replacing thinking—it was about removing friction from implementation. Lou could maintain focus on the problem he was solving rather than getting derailed by syntax details. This experience shaped his understanding that AI's value lies in removing obstacles to productivity, not in replacing the developer's judgment about architecture and design.

Thinking in Commits: The Right Size for AI Work

"I think of prompts commit-by-commit. That's the size of the work I'm trying to do in a prompt."

Lou's workflow centers on a simple principle: size your prompts to match what should be a single commit. This constraint provides multiple benefits. First, it keeps changes small enough to review thoroughly—if a commit is too big to review properly, the prompt was too ambitious. Second, it creates a clear commit history that tells a story about how the code evolved. Third, it enables easy rollback if something goes wrong. This commit-sized thinking mirrors good development practices that existed long before AI—small, focused changes that each accomplish one clear purpose. Lou uses inline prompting in Cursor (Command-K) for these localized changes because it keeps context tight: "Right here, don't go look at the rest of my files... Everything you need is right here. The context is right here... And it's fast."

The Tech Debt Question: Same Code, Same Debt

"Based on the way I've defined how I did it, it's exactly the same amount of tech debt that I would have done on my own... I'm faster and can make more code, but I invest some of that savings back into cleaning things up."

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